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The East and Southern African (ESA) Region of the United Nations Population Fund, UNFPA, is host to 18 countries in which the HIV epidemic has been classified by UNAIDS as high burden, severe/hyper-endemic or concentrated endemic with geopolitical relevance.

Gains in addressing HIV can only be made and sustained if HIV is addressed within the context of UNFPA’s mandate areas. The focus of UNFPA's mandate on adolescents, young women, and women in particular, is central to our HIV interventions. Many of these fall within the classification of key populations, which have the right to comprehensive sexual and reproductive health services. The purpose of this second HIV publication of UNFPA’s East and Southern Africa Regional Office is to highlight promising practices that can become good practices with sustainable results, and be replicated in other countries.